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2013 NCHS Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties.

Deborah D Ingram, Sheila J Franco

    Vital and Health Statistics. Series 2, Data Evaluation and Methods Research
    |April 30, 2014
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    Summary

    The 2013 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties, updated with 2010 census data, shows similar county assignments to the 2006 scheme. This classification effectively highlights urban-rural health disparities across the U.S.

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    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Biostatistics
    • Sociology

    Background:

    • The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties is crucial for understanding health variations.
    • Previous versions, like the 2006 scheme, have been instrumental in analyzing health differences based on geographic characteristics.
    • Updating this classification is essential to reflect current demographic and geographic realities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To detail the development of the 2013 NCHS Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties.
    • To apply the updated scheme to health measures and demonstrate urban-rural health differences.
    • To compare the 2013 scheme with the 2006 scheme using national health data.

    Main Methods:

    • The 2013 NCHS scheme methodology mirrors the 2006 scheme but utilizes 2010 census data.
    • Counties are assigned to six levels based on metropolitan/micropolitan/noncore status, metropolitan statistical area (MSA) population size, and principal city location within large MSAs.
    • The 2013 and 2006 schemes were applied to data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) and National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).

    Main Results:

    • County urban-rural assignments under the 2013 NCHS scheme are highly similar to those from the 2006 NCHS scheme.
    • Application to NVSS and NHIS data confirmed the utility of the six categories for monitoring health differences across the urbanization spectrum.
    • Substantial health measure differences were observed between residents of large central and large fringe metropolitan counties.

    Conclusions:

    • The updated 2013 NCHS Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties maintains consistency with the 2006 scheme.
    • The classification system effectively demonstrates and monitors health disparities across diverse community types.
    • Health outcomes vary significantly by urbanization level, with residents of large fringe metro counties generally experiencing better health than those in less urban areas.