Localized pemphigus foliaceus with unilateral facial involvement

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Autoimmune Blistering Diseases

Background:

• Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a chronic autoimmune blistering disease.
• It typically affects the superficial epidermis, causing crusting and erosions.
• Widespread lesions are the common presentation, unlike localized forms.

Observation:

• A 19-year-old female presented with a localized, atypical form of pemphigus foliaceus.
• This presentation was not associated with prior topical medication use.
• The case posed significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Findings:

• Localized pemphigus foliaceus is infrequent, particularly in younger individuals without identifiable triggers.
• The case underscores variability in PF presentation and response to treatments.
• Literature review reveals diverse localized PF presentations and treatment outcomes.

Implications:

• Highlights the importance of considering pemphigus foliaceus in localized blistering conditions, even in young patients.
• Suggests potential for varied disease course and treatment responses in localized PF.
• Emphasizes the need for individualized therapeutic strategies for challenging cases.