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Related Concept Videos

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Pulse rhythm

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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
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An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
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Anatomical Movements00:51

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Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
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The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Uncovering Beat Deafness: Detecting Rhythm Disorders with Synchronized Finger Tapping and Perceptual Timing Tasks
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Controlling pre-movement sensorimotor rhythm can improve finger extension after stroke.

S L Norman1, D J McFarland2, A Miner1

  • 1University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America.

Journal of Neural Engineering
|August 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that some stroke survivors can improve finger extension by learning to control brain signals (SMR) with brain-computer interface (BCI) training. This BCI approach may aid motor function recovery after stroke.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology offers potential for motor function recovery post-stroke.
  • Optimal BCI application for stroke rehabilitation remains under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of BCI-based training on sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) amplitude for robot-assisted finger extension in stroke survivors.
  • To explore immediate and therapeutic effects of controlling pre-movement SMR on motor function.

Main Methods:

  • Eight chronic stroke participants with hand impairment underwent a four-week, three-phase training protocol using the FINGER robotic exoskeleton.
  • Phase 1: Identified person-specific SMR features correlated with finger extension intent.
  • Phase 2: Participants learned to modulate SMR features via visual feedback without movement.
  • Phase 3: Participants controlled SMR features and then attempted robot-assisted finger extension.

Main Results:

  • Three of four participants achieving SMR control showed reduced reaction time and increased finger extension force after decreasing pre-movement SMR amplitude.
  • Hand function (Box and Block Test) improved more in participants with SMR control (7.3 blocks) than without (3.5 blocks).
  • Baseline hand function correlated with the degree of improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Learning to control specific pre-movement SMR features may enhance finger extension in some stroke survivors.
  • These findings suggest BCI training merits further investigation in stroke rehabilitation settings.