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Updated: Apr 30, 2026
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Published on: September 27, 2021
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Controlled drug delivery systems: past forward and future back.
1Purdue University, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Summary
Controlled drug delivery has evolved over six decades, from early sustained release to advanced nanotechnology. The future requires innovation and open dialogue to meet current needs.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Materials Science
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Controlled drug delivery technology has evolved significantly since the first sustained release formulation in 1952.
- The first generation (1950-1980) focused on oral and transdermal sustained release systems.
- The second generation (1980-2010) introduced zero-order release, self-regulated systems, depot formulations, and nanotechnology.
Observation:
- Nanotechnology-based delivery systems, particularly nanoparticle formulations, were a major focus in the latter part of the second generation.
- The Journal of Controlled Release (JCR) has been instrumental in advancing drug delivery technologies.
- The JCR continues to be a key platform for disseminating new ideas in the field.
Findings:
- The evolution of controlled drug delivery spans oral, transdermal, and nanotechnology-based systems.
- Significant advancements include sustained release, zero-order release, and self-regulated drug delivery.
- Nanoparticle formulations represent a key development in modern drug delivery.
Implications:
- The third generation of drug delivery necessitates a departure from past constraints, embracing open dialogue and innovation.
- Future drug delivery design must prioritize current necessities to drive innovation.
- The JCR will remain a vital forum for shaping the future of controlled drug delivery technology.
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