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Damage to the default mode network disrupts autobiographical memory retrieval.

Carissa L Philippi1, Daniel Tranel2, Melissa Duff2

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53719, Department of Psychology and Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA, and Laboratory of Functional Imaging, UMR678, INSERM/UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France Department of Neurology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53719, Department of Psychology and Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA, and Laboratory of Functional Imaging, UMR678, INSERM/UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France cphilippi@wisc.edu.

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
|May 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Damage to the default mode network (DMN) impairs autobiographical memory (AM). Specific DMN regions are crucial for semantic and episodic AM, with distinct neural correlates for each memory type.

Keywords:
autobiographical memory retrievaldefault mode networkepisodic autobiographical memoryself-referential processingsemantic autobiographical memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Functional neuroimaging implicates the default mode network (DMN) in autobiographical memory (AM).
  • Convergent evidence from lesion studies is needed to confirm the DMN's necessary role in AM.
  • Understanding the neural basis of semantic AM (SAM) and episodic AM (EAM) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that DMN regions are necessary for AM using a lesion-deficit approach.
  • To investigate whether the neural correlates of SAM and EAM overlap or are distinct.
  • To provide neuropsychological evidence for the DMN's role in self-referential processing.

Main Methods:

  • Voxelwise lesion-deficit analysis in 92 patients with focal brain lesions.
  • Utilized the Iowa Autobiographical Memory Questionnaire to assess AM retrieval.
  • Correlated lesion locations with AM deficits, differentiating between SAM and EAM.

Main Results:

  • Damage to DMN regions (mPFC, PCC, IPL, MTL) significantly correlated with AM impairments.
  • SAM deficits were linked to left mPFC and MTL damage.
  • EAM deficits were associated with right mPFC and MTL damage, with distinct neural correlates from SAM.

Conclusions:

  • Provides novel neuropsychological evidence that DMN regions are necessary for AM.
  • Highlights distinct neural substrates for SAM and EAM within the DMN.
  • Enhances understanding of the DMN's involvement in self-referential memory processes.