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Related Concept Videos

Binge Eating Disorders01:23

Binge Eating Disorders

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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
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In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Control of Eating Behavior Using a Novel Feedback System
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[Cognitive function in eating disorders].

Yuri Okamoto

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |May 7, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies reveal brain circuit differences in eating disorders. These findings link specific brain regions to symptoms like fear of weight gain and impulse control issues.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry
    • Medical Imaging

    Context:

    • Eating disorders involve complex psychopathology, including body image distortion and preoccupation with weight.
    • Brain imaging offers insights into the neural underpinnings of these conditions.
    • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a key technique for studying brain activity in eating disorders.

    Purpose:

    • To review functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies on eating disorders.
    • To explore the neural correlates of symptoms in anorexia nervosa and bulimic eating disorders.

    Summary:

    • fMRI studies in anorexia nervosa suggest links between amygdala activation and fear of weight gain, and prefrontal cortex activity and cognitive flexibility.
    • For bulimic eating disorders (e.g., bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder), fMRI research indicates relationships between the brain's reward system and overeating, and prefrontal cortex activity and impulse control.

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    Impact:

    • Highlights the role of specific neural circuits in the pathophysiology of eating disorders.
    • Provides a foundation for understanding the neurobiology of disordered eating behaviors.
    • Informs potential future therapeutic targets for eating disorder treatment.