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Related Concept Videos

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

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A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
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Cognitive Development During Adolescence01:18

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During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
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Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
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Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adolescence01:17

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Erik Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development, "identity versus role confusion," is crucial during adolescence (ages 12 to 18). In this stage, adolescents face the developmental task of forging a distinct personal identity, a process influenced by social, psychological, and biological changes typical of this period. Adolescents naturally explore different roles, behaviors, and ideologies as they navigate complex questions of self-concept, asking, "Who am I?" and "What is my place in...
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Piaget's Stage 4 of Cognitive Development01:19

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The formal operational stage, as described in Piaget's cognitive development theory, begins around age 11 and extends into adulthood. It marks the emergence of advanced cognitive abilities that differentiate adolescent and adult thinking from those of younger children. This stage is characterized by abstract reasoning, hypothetical-deductive reasoning, and a more complex understanding of self and others.
Abstract Reasoning and Hypothetical-Deductive Thinking
Unlike the concrete operational...
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Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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Does future-oriented thinking predict adolescent decision making?

Michelle Eskritt, Jesslyn Doucette, Lori Robitaille

    The Journal of Genetic Psychology
    |May 7, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Future-oriented thinking (FOT) aids reflective decision-making but not intuitive choices. This study explored the link between FOT development and decision-making quality across age groups.

    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Future-oriented thinking (FOT) is theorized to improve decision-making quality.
    • The developmental relationship between FOT and decision-making quality remains underexplored, particularly across adolescence and adulthood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between future-oriented thinking (FOT) and decision-making quality in adolescents and adults.
    • To examine whether FOT predicts performance on different types of decision-making tasks.

    Main Methods:

    • Two experiments were conducted involving adolescents and adults.
    • Decision-making quality and future-oriented thinking (FOT) were measured.
    • Performance on a deliberative decision-making task and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) were assessed.

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    Main Results:

    • Decision-making quality improved from adolescence to adulthood, but no direct link to FOT was found in the first experiment.
    • In the second experiment, FOT predicted performance on a deliberative decision-making task, independent of age.
    • FOT did not predict performance on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT); emotion regulation was instead related to IGT performance.

    Conclusions:

    • Future-oriented thinking (FOT) is associated with reflective, but not necessarily intuitive, decision-making.
    • The findings suggest distinct cognitive and emotional mechanisms underlying different types of decision making.