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Frequency of apnea and respiratory viruses in infants with bronchiolitis

Silvia Ricart1, Nuria Rovira, Juan Jose Garcia-Garcia

  • 1From the *Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu; †Department of Microbiology, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, CRESIB, Hospital Clinic; ‡Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, and §Department of Microbiology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|May 7, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Apnea occurs in over 5% of infants under 12 months hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis. Young age and prematurity are key risk factors for infant apnea, regardless of viral cause.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Acute bronchiolitis is a common respiratory infection in infants.
  • Apnea is a recognized complication of acute bronchiolitis, particularly in younger infants.
  • Identifying risk factors for apnea is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of apnea in infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis.
  • To identify common viral pathogens associated with apnea in this population.
  • To investigate risk factors for apnea, including age, prematurity, and specific viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of infants <12 months admitted with acute bronchiolitis.
  • Analysis of viral detection in nasopharyngeal samples.
  • Statistical analysis to identify risk factors for apnea.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of apnea was 5.16% among infants with acute bronchiolitis.
  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the most common virus (33.3%), followed by rhinovirus (13.7%).
  • Younger age and prematurity were significant risk factors for apnea, irrespective of RSV status. Infants without RSV showed a higher rate of prematurity.

Conclusions:

  • Apnea is a notable complication of acute bronchiolitis in infants.
  • Prematurity and young age are critical risk factors for developing apnea.
  • Understanding these risk factors can aid in managing infants with bronchiolitis.

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