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Aetiological factors of chronic liver disease in children

Awais Tahir, Faisal Raza Malik, Iftikhar Ahmad

    Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
    |May 8, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Viral hepatitis, particularly Hepatitis C, is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in children. Metabolic disorders and biliary atresia are also significant contributors to pediatric chronic liver disease.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Hepatology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Chronic liver disease (CLD) is defined by duration or evidence of severe disease.
    • Common causes include viral infections, metabolic diseases, and autoimmune conditions.
    • Identifying the etiology of CLD in children is crucial for effective management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the specific causes of chronic liver disease in pediatric patients.
    • To analyze the prevalence of different etiologies contributing to CLD in children under 12.

    Main Methods:

    • A prospective, descriptive study was conducted.
    • Data was collected using a structured proforma from pediatric units in Rawalpindi and Islamabad.
    • Included children under 12 with clinical or biochemical evidence of liver disease for over 3 months.

    Main Results:

    • Sixty children with CLD were enrolled; 65% were male.
    • Viral hepatitis (36.7%) was the most common cause, with Hepatitis C (31.66%) being predominant.
    • Metabolic disorders (Glycogen storage disease, Wilson disease) and biliary atresia accounted for 8.3% and 6.7% respectively. Idiopathic causes were found in 35%.

    Conclusions:

    • Viral hepatitis, especially Hepatitis C, is the primary cause of pediatric CLD.
    • Metabolic disorders (Glycogen storage disease, Wilson disease) and biliary atresia are significant contributing factors.
    • Age-specific prevalence was noted for viral hepatitis, Wilson disease, biliary atresia, and glycogen storage disease.
    Abstract

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