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Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Using Saccadometry with Deep Brain Stimulation to Study Normal and Pathological Brain Function

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Published on: July 14, 2016

The subthalamic nucleus contributes to post-error slowing.

James F Cavanagh¹, Joseph L Sanguinetti, John J B Allen

¹University of New Mexico.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

|May 8, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mistakes trigger a "brake" in the brain, involving the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Increased STN activity after errors leads to slower reaction times (RTs) for more cautious future responses.

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Analysis of Gene Expression Changes in the Rat Hippocampus After Deep Brain Stimulation of the Anterior Thalamic Nucleus

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Published on: March 8, 2015

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Neurology

Background:

Cognitive control is essential for goal-directed behavior, often mediated by prefrontal cortex (pFC) top-down influence.
Understanding the precise mechanisms by which cognitive control alters motor execution remains a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying post-error slowing (PES) of reaction times (RTs).
To determine the role of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in modulating motor execution following errors.

Main Methods:

Recorded STN local field potentials (LFPs) in nine Parkinson disease patients during a response conflict task.
Analyzed LFP phase consistency in the 2.5- to 5-Hz frequency range, associated with conflict and error processing.

Main Results:

Increased STN activity, specifically phase consistency in the 2.5- to 5-Hz range preceding a response, was correlated with slower RTs after errors.
This effect was specific to trials following errors, not general conflict.

Conclusions:

Post-error slowing is significantly influenced by the degree of subthalamic nucleus (STN) activity.
The STN acts as a neural brake, promoting response caution following errors via the corticosubthalamic hyperdirect pathway.