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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...
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    Area of Science:

    • Nanobiophotonics
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Cellular Biology

    Background:

    • Understanding cellular biochemical processes is crucial for disease diagnosis and treatment.
    • Nanobiophotonics provides advanced tools for intracellular diagnostics and therapeutics.
    • Fluorescent nanoparticles offer potential for real-time, in vivo monitoring of cellular analytes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To synthesize optical chemical nanosensors for quantitative intracellular pH analysis.
    • To demonstrate the application of these nanosensors for monitoring pH in living cells.
    • To evaluate the nanosensors' biocompatibility and response time.

    Main Methods:

    • Synthesis of silica-based nanoparticles (~70 nm) using a modified sol-gel Stöber method.
    • Co-encapsulation of Texas Red (reference dye) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (pH-sensitive dye).
    • Demonstration of nanosensor function in a live human embryonic kidney cell line.

    Main Results:

    • Nanosensors successfully quantified intracellular pH changes from acidic to basic conditions.
    • High loading efficiency of nanoparticles into cells was observed.
    • Minimal impact on cell morphology and a fast response time (~2 s) were noted.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed optical nanosensors are effective for intracellular pH monitoring.
    • These nanosensors show promise for real-time analysis of cellular processes.
    • The technology offers a powerful tool for diagnostics and research in cell biology.