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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Practical experience using galectin-3 in heart failure.

Peter A McCullough

    Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
    |May 10, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Galectin-3, a biomarker for heart failure, aids in early risk identification and diagnosis. Measuring galectin-3 levels can improve patient outcomes and management strategies for various cardiac conditions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Biomarkers
    • Molecular Medicine

    Background:

    • Heart failure is a syndrome of left ventricular pump failure, leading to pulmonary and peripheral blood stasis.
    • Myocardial tissue macrophages secrete galectin-3, a factor that promotes myocardial fibrosis through fibroblast proliferation and procollagen I secretion.
    • Elevated galectin-3 levels are associated with adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the clinical utility of plasma galectin-3 measurements in managing heart failure.
    • To demonstrate the role of galectin-3 in risk stratification, diagnosis, and prognosis of heart failure.
    • To present practical case management examples for galectin-3 testing in clinical settings.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of clinical applications of plasma galectin-3 measurements.
    • Analysis of galectin-3's role in identifying risk for new-onset heart failure.
    • Evaluation of galectin-3's predictive value in post-acute coronary syndrome patients.
    • Assessment of galectin-3's diagnostic utility in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
    • Exploration of galectin-3's prognostic significance in heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction.

    Main Results:

    • Plasma galectin-3 levels <11.0 ng/mL are considered normal.
    • Galectin-3 identifies increased risk for new-onset heart failure in healthy adults.
    • Galectin-3 predicts cardiac failure post-acute coronary syndromes.
    • Galectin-3 aids in diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
    • Galectin-3 assists in the prognosis of heart failure across ejection fraction spectrums.

    Conclusions:

    • Plasma galectin-3 is a valuable biomarker in cardiology.
    • Galectin-3 testing offers practical applications in heart failure diagnosis and management.
    • This in vitro diagnostic test is crucial for improving patient care in heart failure.