Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

8.8K
The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
8.8K
Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions01:30

Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions

6.0K
The diencephalon, etymologically translated as 'through brain,' plays an integral role as the conduit between the cerebrum and the vast extent of the nervous system. However, the olfactory system is an exception, as it interfaces directly with the cerebrum. The diencephalon, deeply ensconced beneath the cerebrum, primarily consists of three paired structures — the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithelamus. It also includes accessory structures such as the subthalamus, which houses the...
6.0K
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

1.3K
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
1.3K
Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

3.4K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
3.4K
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

3.8K
The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
3.8K
Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation01:13

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation

5.5K
The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
Within the reticular formation, there are several distinct nuclei that can be classified into three broad categories. The Raphe nuclei are located along the midline of the brainstem. They are primarily known for their role in synthesizing and releasing serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, appetite, sleep, and circadian rhythms. The...
5.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Experimentally induced encoding variability influences mnemonic discrimination: evidence from human behavioral data and global matching models.

Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Normalization method for relative cerebral blood flow influences sex and cognitive status effects in nondemented older adults.

Brain imaging and behavior·2026
Same author

Beyond proximity: how food quality in dollar and grocery stores influences health.

BMC public health·2026
Same author

Handgrip strength relates to corticospinal tract microstructure in older adults.

Brain research bulletin·2026
Same author

A Scalable Touchscreen-Based Spatial Working Memory Task for Cross-Species Research.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Associations between iron and mean kurtosis in iron-rich grey matter nuclei in aging.

Magma (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures
12:30

A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures

Published on: July 2, 2014

19.7K

Limbic Tract Integrity Contributes to Pattern Separation Performance Across the Lifespan.

Ilana J Bennett1, Derek J Huffman1, Craig E L Stark1

  • 1Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|May 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Hippocampal network integrity, particularly the fornix, is crucial for accurate memory recall. This study links limbic tract health to pattern separation performance in healthy adults.

Keywords:
agingdiffusion tensor imagingepisodic memoryfornixpattern separation

More Related Videos

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography
13:26

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

Published on: August 11, 2016

11.3K
Assessing Pupil-linked Changes in Locus Coeruleus-mediated Arousal Elicited by Trigeminal Stimulation
07:26

Assessing Pupil-linked Changes in Locus Coeruleus-mediated Arousal Elicited by Trigeminal Stimulation

Published on: November 26, 2019

7.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 29, 2026

A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures
12:30

A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures

Published on: July 2, 2014

19.7K
Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography
13:26

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

Published on: August 11, 2016

11.3K
Assessing Pupil-linked Changes in Locus Coeruleus-mediated Arousal Elicited by Trigeminal Stimulation
07:26

Assessing Pupil-linked Changes in Locus Coeruleus-mediated Arousal Elicited by Trigeminal Stimulation

Published on: November 26, 2019

7.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Accurate memory for events relies on pattern separation to distinguish similar experiences.
  • Previous work linked pattern separation to hippocampal activity and perforant path integrity.
  • The hippocampus functions within a broader neural network, suggesting limbic tract integrity is also important.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between limbic tract integrity and pattern separation performance.
  • To determine if fornix, cingulum bundle, and uncinate fasciculus integrity relate to pattern separation.
  • To examine these relationships in healthy adults across a wide age range.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to assess limbic tract integrity in healthy adults (20-89 years).
  • Participants completed the Behavioral Pattern Separation Task-Object Version (BPS-O) and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT).
  • Skeleton-wise and targeted tractography analyses were performed, controlling for global brain aging effects.

Main Results:

  • Fornix integrity (fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity) was significantly related to pattern separation performance on both BPS-O and RAVLT.
  • No significant relationship was found between fornix integrity and recognition memory.
  • These findings held after controlling for global effects of brain aging.

Conclusions:

  • Hippocampal disconnection, indicated by reduced limbic tract integrity, contributes to impaired pattern separation.
  • Individual and age-related differences in limbic tract integrity affect pattern separation.
  • Pattern separation performance depends on broad neural networks connecting the hippocampus to other brain regions.