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Sarcopenia and the analysis of body composition
Sandra M L Ribeiro1, Joseph J Kehayias2
1School of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and Body Composition Laboratory, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA.
Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
|May 16, 2014
Summary
Aging leads to lean mass reduction, termed sarcopenia. Simple body composition methods, validated by lean quality, can help diagnose this age-related condition and its health impacts.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Body Composition Analysis
- Muscle Physiology
Background:
- Lean mass reduction is a key aging-related body composition change.
- Various terms like sarcopenia, dynapenia, and myopenia describe this loss.
- Lack of diagnostic consensus hinders effective management of lean mass reduction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose simple body composition methods for indirect sarcopenia evaluation.
- To validate these methods against the 'quality of lean' criterion.
- To explore field methods for assessing sarcopenia and water homeostasis.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing simple body composition techniques.
- Validating methods against the 'quality of lean' criterion (muscle mass, metabolic function, fat-free mass).
- Employing stable isotopes for water compartment evaluation and bioelectrical impedance analysis.
Main Results:
- Proposed simple body composition methods can indirectly evaluate sarcopenia.
- Validation against the 'quality of lean' criterion is crucial.
- Stable isotopes and bioelectrical impedance analysis show promise for field assessments.
Conclusions:
- Simple body composition methods offer a viable approach to indirectly assess sarcopenia.
- The 'quality of lean' criterion provides a framework for validation.
- Advanced techniques like stable isotopes and bioelectrical impedance analysis are valuable tools for monitoring and diagnosis.
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