Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
Published on: April 14, 2014
Optic nerve and dura mater involvement as the first sign of multiple myeloma
Suzan Guven Yilmaz1, Gamze Ture, Mehmet Özgür Zengin
1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir - Turkey.
Purpose:
To report a case of optic nerve and dura mater involvement as the first sign of multiple myeloma.
Methods:
Case report.
Results:
A 43-year-old woman presented with a headache and decreased vision in both eyes. Ophthalmic examination revealed anterior uveitis and subretinal mass around the optic nerves with accompanying disc edema bilaterally. Magnetic resonance imaging showed dural and optic nerve infiltration with tram-track enhancement in the optic nerve sheath. The diagnosis of multiple myeloma was made as a result of systemic investigations. The patient underwent systemic chemotherapy and cranial radiotherapy. After treatment, the patient's headache disappeared, the papilledema regressed, and the ocular findings improved but complete recovery could not be achieved because of fibrous subretinal tissue and degenerative changes of the optic nerve.
Conclusions:
Neurologic and ophthalmic involvement in multiple myeloma may appear as the first manifestation of disease. The correct diagnosis is important because it can be life-saving.
Related Concept Videos
Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Cranial and Spinal Meninges
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...
Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...

