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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
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Analysis of Gene Expression Changes in the Rat Hippocampus After Deep Brain Stimulation of the Anterior Thalamic Nucleus
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Deep brain stimulation for movement disorders.

Paul S Larson1

  • 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0112, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0112, USA, larsonp@neurosurg.ucsf.edu.

Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental Neurotherapeutics
|May 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) offers a reversible and adjustable treatment for neurologic movement disorders like Parkinson's disease. While risks exist, they are generally low, and future innovations promise enhanced efficacy and precision.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Neurology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an implanted electrical device for symptomatic improvement in neurologic diseases, primarily movement disorders.
  • DBS is favored over lesioning due to its reversibility, adjustability, bilateral capability, and favorable safety profile.
  • Commonly used for essential tremor, Parkinson's disease, and dystonia when medical treatments fail or cause complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) as a therapeutic modality.
  • To discuss the established brain targets, risks, and benefits of DBS.
  • To highlight emerging technologies and future directions in DBS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) for movement disorders.
  • Analysis of common DBS targets, including the thalamus, subthalamic nucleus, and globus pallidus.
  • Discussion of potential complications and their incidence rates at experienced centers.

Main Results:

  • DBS is a widely adopted, safe, and effective treatment for specific neurologic conditions.
  • Established targets like the thalamus, subthalamic nucleus, and globus pallidus are utilized based on the disorder.
  • Complication rates, including bleeding, infection, and hardware issues, are generally low (≤5%) at high-volume centers.

Conclusions:

  • Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a valuable, adjustable, and reversible treatment for refractory movement disorders.
  • Ongoing research focuses on directional electrodes and closed-loop systems for personalized and adaptive stimulation.
  • Image-guided techniques are expected to enhance the precision and safety of DBS implantation surgery.