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Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
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CT findings in temporal bone osteoradionecrosis.

Salmaan Ahmed1, Nakul Gupta, Jackson D Hamilton

  • 1From the *Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; †Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX; ‡Department of Radiation Oncology, and §Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
|May 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computed tomography (CT) reveals common signs of temporal bone osteoradionecrosis (TB-ORN), including mastoid effusion and external auditory canal erosions. More severe TB-ORN cases often show enhancing soft tissue and gas on CT scans.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a serious complication of radiation therapy, particularly affecting the temporal bone (TB).
  • Accurate identification of TB-ORN is crucial for patient management and treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the computed tomographic (CT) findings in patients diagnosed with clinically proven temporal bone osteoradionecrosis (TB-ORN).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective evaluation of CT scans from 20 patients with confirmed TB-ORN.
  • Bony and soft tissue abnormalities were assessed on CT.
  • Clinical severity was graded based on treatment received: mild (observation), moderate (antibiotics/hyperbaric oxygen), or severe (surgery).

Main Results:

  • ORN onset ranged from 2 to 22 years post-radiation (median 7 years).
  • Common clinical findings included exposed bone (100%), otorrhea (85%), and hearing loss (55%).
  • Frequent CT findings were external auditory canal erosions (90%) and mastoid effusion (90%).

Conclusions:

  • Mastoid effusion and external auditory canal erosions are highly prevalent CT findings in TB-ORN.
  • Moderate to severe TB-ORN cases showed a significant association with enhancing soft tissue, soft tissue gas, and temporomandibular joint involvement on CT.