Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Meridians01:28

Meridians

1.1K
In surveying, meridians are vital reference lines to measure directions and establish accurate land orientations. Meridians run from the north to the south poles, providing a stable framework for angular measurements and mapping. Meridians are fundamental in survey design, with the primary types being astronomic, magnetic, and assumed meridians. Each type offers distinct benefits and limitations, selected based on the project's scale and precision needs.The astronomic meridian is aligned with...
1.1K
Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving01:06

Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving

4.5K
In multiple dimensions, the conservation of momentum applies in each direction independently. Hence, to solve collisions in multiple dimensions, we should write down the momentum conservation in each direction separately. To help understand collisions in multiple dimensions, consider an example.
A small car of mass 1,200 kg traveling east at 60 km/h collides at an intersection with a truck of mass 3,000 kg traveling due north at 40 km/h. The two vehicles are locked together. What is the...
4.5K
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving01:29

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving

839
Consider a crane whose telescopic boom rotates with an angular velocity of 0.04 rad/s and angular acceleration of 0.02 rad/s2. Along with the rotation, the boom also extends linearly with a uniform speed of 5 m/s. The extension of the boom is measured at point D, which is measured with respect to the fixed point C on the other end of the boom. For the given instant, the distance between points C and D is 60 meters.
Here, in order to determine the magnitude of velocity and acceleration for point...
839
Azimuths and Bearings01:19

Azimuths and Bearings

1.1K
Azimuths and bearings are essential concepts in surveying, providing methods to express the direction of a line relative to a meridian. Azimuths refer to the clockwise angle measured from the north end of a reference meridian to the given line, ranging from zero to 360 degrees. This method gives a comprehensive directional reference within a full 360-degree circle, making it a straightforward way to communicate direction in various fields, including navigation, cartography, and...
1.1K
Latitudes and Departures01:27

Latitudes and Departures

836
Latitudes and departures are essential concepts in surveying, providing a systematic way to analyze the projections of traverse lines. These projections allow surveyors to interpret a line's north-south and east-west components, which are crucial for precisely calculating areas, bearings, and lengths. Latitude is the north-south projection of a line, calculated as the product of the line's length and the cosine of its bearing. Departure, conversely, is the east-west projection obtained by...
836
Design Example: Traverse Angle Computations01:25

Design Example: Traverse Angle Computations

453
Traverse angle computations are a critical component of surveying, used to compute the internal angles within a closed traverse. A traverse consists of a series of connected lines forming a closed loop, often used for land boundary delineation or mapping. Calculating the internal angles ensures accuracy in the traverse geometry and is essential for checking survey data integrity.The process begins with known azimuths and bearings of the traverse sides. Internal angles at each vertex are...
453

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

MoVe: an integrated tool to explore the relationship between human mobility and vector-borne disease.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

SonoGame - more than just a game: Evaluation of an ultrasound training platform.

Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart, Germany : 1980)·2026
Same author

SDMentor: A virtual reality-based intelligent tutoring system for surgical decision making in dentistry.

Artificial intelligence in medicine·2025
Same author

Action Selection in Everyday Activities: The Opportunistic Planning Model.

Cognitive science·2024
Same author

Assessment of malaria risk in Southeast Asia: a systematic review.

Malaria journal·2023
Same author

A Smart Model of Imaginal Perspective Taking.

Cognitive science·2022
Same journal

Pronoun Resolution in Turkish: The Interplay of Referential Form, Word Order, and Implicit Causality.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

What's in a Color?: Language, Synesthesia, and Categorical Perception.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Reasoning Beyond Explicit Rules: Adults' and Children's Use of Closure Principles in Novel Cases.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Intermediary Object States Are Activated by Sentences Describing Completed Events.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Large Language Models Estimate Fine-Grained Human Color-Concept Associations.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Computational Models of Causal Reasoning: Bayesian Accounts of Normative Violations.

Cognitive science·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Author Spotlight: Insights into the Analysis of Human Interaction with 3D Virtual Objects
06:36

Author Spotlight: Insights into the Analysis of Human Interaction with 3D Virtual Objects

Published on: October 18, 2024

1.5K

Modeling mental spatial reasoning about cardinal directions.

Holger Schultheis1, Sven Bertel, Thomas Barkowsky

  • 1Department of Informatics, Universität Bremen.

Cognitive Science
|May 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Humans show preferences when solving spatial reasoning problems with cardinal directions. Research explores these preferences and a new model explains them using flexible knowledge representation.

Keywords:
Cardinal directionsComputational cognitive modelingOrientation knowledgeScalable representation structuresSpatial mental modelsSpatial reasoningSpatio-analogical representations

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Effects of Mind-Body-Movement Practices on Brain Function
06:17

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Effects of Mind-Body-Movement Practices on Brain Function

Published on: January 26, 2024

2.7K
The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

12.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Author Spotlight: Insights into the Analysis of Human Interaction with 3D Virtual Objects
06:36

Author Spotlight: Insights into the Analysis of Human Interaction with 3D Virtual Objects

Published on: October 18, 2024

1.5K
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Effects of Mind-Body-Movement Practices on Brain Function
06:17

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Effects of Mind-Body-Movement Practices on Brain Function

Published on: January 26, 2024

2.7K
The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

12.0K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Human spatial reasoning involves understanding orientation and cardinal directions.
  • Some spatial problems are underdetermined, allowing multiple solutions.
  • Understanding solution preferences is key to modeling human reasoning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate human preferences in solving spatially underdetermined cardinal direction problems.
  • Identify representational and procedural factors influencing these preferences.
  • Develop a computational model that replicates observed human behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Review existing conceptual and computational approaches to spatial reasoning.
  • Conduct empirical research on human solution preferences for cardinal direction problems.
  • Propose a novel computational model based on spatio-analogical knowledge representation.

Main Results:

  • Human reasoners exhibit consistent preferences for certain solutions among multiple valid options.
  • Specific representational and procedural factors correlate with these observed preferences.
  • The novel computational model successfully reproduces human solution preferences.

Conclusions:

  • Human spatial reasoning with cardinal directions is influenced by preferences for specific solutions.
  • A parsimonious, flexible spatio-analogical knowledge representation can model these preferences.
  • This research advances computational models of human spatial cognition.