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Implantable direct current spinal fusion stimulators do not decrease implant-related infections in a rabbit model.

Ebrahim Paryavi, Moshe Yanko, David Jaffe

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. sludwig@umoa.edu.

American Journal of Orthopedics (Belle Mead, N.J.)
|May 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrical current from spinal fusion stimulators did not reduce implant infections in a rabbit study. This study found no significant decrease in bacterial load or infection rates when using a 60-μAmp direct current (DC) device.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • Bacterial biofilm on implants can cause infections, potentially requiring hardware removal.
  • Electrical current has shown potential in detaching bacterial biofilm from instrumentation.
  • Implantable direct current (DC) fusion stimulators are used, but their efficacy against infection is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if a 60-μAmp implantable DC fusion stimulator reduces implant-related infection rates.
  • To evaluate the effect of DC stimulation on bacterial load in a spinal wound infection model.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective animal study was conducted using a rabbit model with multilevel spinal instrumentation.
  • A 60-μAmp DC fusion stimulator was implanted and connected to instrumented sites.
  • All surgical sites were inoculated with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), and infection rates and bacterial loads were assessed.

Main Results:

  • No significant reduction in postoperative bone or implant infection rates was observed with 60-μAmp DC stimulation compared to controls (95% vs. 91% and 77% vs. 82%, respectively).
  • Bacterial load did not significantly differ between sites receiving DC and control sites (P = .25–.72).

Conclusions:

  • Currently used 60-μAmp DC implantable spinal fusion stimulators do not significantly reduce the rate of postoperative implant-related spinal wound infections in this rabbit model.
  • Further research is needed to explore alternative or optimized electrical current parameters for preventing implant-related infections.