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Open circuit mouthpiece ventilation: Concise clinical review.
G Garuti1, A Nicolini2, B Grecchi3
1Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, San Sebastiano Hospital, Correggio, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Revista Portuguesa De Pneumologia
|May 21, 2014
Summary
Mouthpiece noninvasive ventilation (NIV) offers an effective alternative to traditional interfaces, improving patient comfort and reducing complications. This technique is crucial for individuals with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) needing ventilatory support.
Area of Science:
- Respiratory Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is crucial for respiratory support, but traditional nasal or oro-nasal interfaces often lead to poor tolerance and complications.
- Mouthpiece ventilation, a newer NIV mode, is gaining traction but lacks widespread understanding regarding its optimal use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the indications, techniques, advantages, and disadvantages of mouthpiece NIV.
- To highlight the benefits of mouthpiece NIV as an alternative to invasive ventilation and other NIV interfaces.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature and clinical practices concerning mouthpiece NIV.
- Analysis of patient outcomes and interface-related complications associated with different NIV methods.
Main Results:
- Mouthpiece NIV avoids drawbacks of mask interfaces, such as skin breakdown and claustrophobia, improving patient tolerance.
- It is effective for daytime and nocturnal support, facilitates 'air-stacking' for improved cough and speech, and reduces risks of pneumonia compared to tracheostomy tube ventilation (TMV).
Conclusions:
- Mouthpiece NIV is a viable and beneficial alternative for patients requiring ventilatory support, particularly those with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs).
- Increased knowledge and adoption of mouthpiece NIV techniques are warranted given its advantages and emerging availability in portable ventilators.