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Related Experiment Videos

Diffusion-controlled toluene reference material for VOC emissions testing: international interlaboratory study.

Cynthia Howard-Reed, Zhe Liu, Steven Cox

    Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)
    |May 22, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new reference material for volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions testing was developed to validate chamber performance. International study results show promise for accurate VOC measurement in small chambers, aiding building product labeling.

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Science
    • Materials Science
    • Analytical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from building products are increasingly measured for labeling programs.
    • A lack of validated reference materials hinders the acceptance of chamber product testing methods.
    • National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Virginia Tech (VT) developed a prototype VOC reference material.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and evaluate a prototype reference material for validating volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions test chamber performance.
    • To assess the performance of the prototype reference material across multiple international laboratories and chamber sizes.

    Main Methods:

    • A prototype reference material emitting a single VOC with a dynamic emissions profile was created.

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  • Extensive testing was conducted at NIST, followed by a pilot interlaboratory study (ILS) with four laboratories.
  • An international evaluation involved 14 laboratories in seven countries using duplicate specimens and a standardized test protocol.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant issues were identified regarding the need for subzero Celsius storage and potential inconsistencies in large chambers.
    • Laboratories using small chambers and adhering to test criteria reported encouraging results with 5% to 10% relative standard deviations.
    • International laboratories demonstrated the ability to measure the reference material's emission rate within acceptable uncertainty.

    Conclusions:

    • A reference material with a known emission rate can provide independent assessment of laboratory performance in VOC emissions testing.
    • This reference material has the potential to improve the quality and reliability of interlaboratory studies for VOC chamber testing.
    • The study supports the use of such reference materials for enhancing the accuracy and comparability of VOC emissions data globally.