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Related Concept Videos

Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

119
Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to...
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Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...
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Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

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Overview
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Whole Genome Sequencing of Candida glabrata for Detection of Markers of Antifungal Drug Resistance
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Overcoming antifungal resistance.

Anand Srinivasan, Jose L Lopez-Ribot, Anand K Ramasubramanian

    Drug Discovery Today. Technologies
    |May 23, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Antifungal drug resistance is a growing threat in treating fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Advanced technologies like genomics and microfluidics offer new strategies to overcome this challenge.

    Area of Science:

    • Mycology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Biotechnology

    Background:

    • Fungal infections pose significant risks, particularly for immunocompromised patients, leading to high morbidity and mortality.
    • Increasing antifungal drug resistance complicates treatment and hinders progress in managing mycoses.
    • The development of resistance is a natural phenomenon that challenges current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the impact of antifungal drug resistance on clinical outcomes.
    • To explore the application of cutting-edge technologies in combating antifungal resistance.
    • To highlight novel strategies for overcoming drug-resistant fungal infections.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current literature on antifungal drug resistance.

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  • Discussion of emerging technologies such as cellular-microarrays, microfluidics, genomics, and proteomics.
  • Analysis of how these technologies can be applied to address antifungal resistance.

    • Main Results:

    • Antifungal resistance is a major impediment to effective treatment of fungal infections.
    • State-of-the-art technologies offer promising avenues for developing new diagnostics and therapeutics.
    • Genomics and proteomics provide insights into resistance mechanisms, while microfluidics and microarrays enable high-throughput screening.

    Conclusions:

    • Technological advancements are crucial for developing novel antifungals and diagnostics.
    • Overcoming antifungal drug resistance requires a multi-faceted approach integrating new technologies.
    • Continued research into cellular-microarrays, microfluidics, genomics, and proteomics is essential for future progress.