Neuroimaging findings in sickle cell disease

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Radiology
• Hematology

Background:

• Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects red blood cells, leading to various health complications.
• Neurological complications are prevalent in SCD patients, impacting a significant portion of the population.
• These complications can manifest early in life, posing challenges for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review common neuroradiological findings in sickle cell disease.
• To highlight the association between imaging abnormalities and vasculopathy in SCD.
• To discuss the interpretative challenges posed by coexisting pathologies.

Main Methods:

• Review of neuroradiological findings in patients with sickle cell disease.
• Analysis of imaging data, including acute territorial infarction, silent ischemia, and intracranial hemorrhage.
• Correlation of imaging abnormalities with underlying vasculopathy.

Main Results:

• Neuroradiological findings are common in sickle cell disease, affecting at least 25% of individuals.
• Common findings include acute territorial infarction, silent ischemia, and intracranial hemorrhage.
• Imaging abnormalities often reflect the underlying vasculopathy but can be complicated by coexisting pathologies.

Conclusions:

• Neurological complications are a significant concern in sickle cell disease management.
• Neuroradiological assessment is crucial for identifying and characterizing these complications.
• Understanding the interplay of acute and chronic pathologies is essential for accurate interpretation and patient care.