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Dynamics of transcriptome evolution in the model eukaryote Neurospora.

C A Whittle1, Y Sun, H Johannesson

  • 1Department of Evolutionary Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Journal of Evolutionary Biology
|May 23, 2014
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Summary

Transcriptome evolution in Neurospora species reveals rapid expression divergence in sexual tissues, influenced by mating type and genome evolution, potentially driving sexual dimorphism.

Keywords:
expression evolutionmating typemulticellularitysexual identitytissue type

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Transcriptome changes are crucial for species differentiation, but drivers of transcriptome evolution require further genome-wide investigation.
  • The model organism Neurospora offers a tractable system for studying evolutionary transcriptome dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolution of gene expression in Neurospora crassa and Neurospora tetrasperma.
  • To determine the influence of genome evolution, tissue type, and sexual identity on transcriptome evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of inter- and intraspecies gene expression divergence.
  • Examination of correlations between gene expression and protein sequence divergence.
  • Assessment of tissue-specific and mating-type-specific expression patterns.

Main Results:

  • Rapid expression divergence observed in sexual/female (SF) tissues compared to vegetative/male (VM) tissues.
  • Strong correlation between interspecies gene expression and protein sequence divergence in SF tissues, but not VM tissues.
  • Sexual identity (mating types mat A and mat a) influences interspecies expression divergence in a tissue-dependent manner.

Conclusions:

  • Transcriptome evolution in Neurospora is linked to genome evolution, tissue type, and sexual identity.
  • Findings support the theory that expression evolution differs between multicellular and unicellular eukaryotes.
  • Rapid interspecies transcriptome evolution may be driving the development of distinct male and female phenotypes (sexual dimorphism) in Neurospora.