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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Rheology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Macroscopic suspension rheology is governed by microscopic particle dynamics.
  • The viscosity of fluid-filled vesicles depends non-monotonically on viscosity contrast.
  • A minimum viscosity occurs at the tank-treading-to-tumbling transition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the rheological behavior of fluid-filled vesicles.
  • To confirm and extend previous findings on viscosity contrast effects.
  • To explain discrepancies in existing literature and explore parameter dependence.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of vesicle suspensions.
  • Analysis of viscosity as a function of viscosity contrast.
  • Varying parameters: concentration, membrane deformability, swelling degree, confinement.

Main Results:

  • The minimum viscosity at the transition point is robust across tested parameters.
  • Contradictory results in literature are explained by simulation/experimental differences.
  • Effect persists in non-dilute and confined suspensions, but becomes less pronounced.
  • Intrinsic viscosity shows weak dependence on viscosity contrast in dense, spherical vesicle suspensions.

Conclusions:

  • The non-monotonic viscosity-tank-treading transition is a fundamental property of vesicle suspensions.
  • Simulation results clarify previous experimental and numerical discrepancies.
  • Vesicle rheology is complex and sensitive to concentration, deformability, swelling, and confinement.