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Retinopathy of prematurity
1Department of Ophthalmology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 555 South 18th Street, Suite 4C, Columbus, OH 43025, USA.
Pediatric Clinics of North America
|May 24, 2014
Summary
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) affects premature infants and is linked to early birth and low weight. While treatments like laser photocoagulation and bevacizumab injections exist, ROP remains a significant concern for vulnerable newborns.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Ophthalmology
- Perinatal Care
Background:
- Premature infants born at or before 30 weeks' gestation or weighing 1500g or less undergo screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
- Despite updated neonatal intensive care unit supplemental oxygen guidelines, severe ROP incidence persists.
- The increasing survival rates of extremely premature and low-birth-weight infants contribute to ROP remaining a critical neonatal health issue.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the current understanding and management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in high-risk premature infants.
- To highlight the ongoing challenges and evolving treatment strategies for ROP.
Main Methods:
- Review of current screening protocols for ROP in premature infants.
- Analysis of the impact of supplemental oxygen guidelines on ROP incidence.
- Examination of established and emerging therapeutic interventions for ROP.
Main Results:
- ROP screening is standard for very premature and low-birth-weight infants.
- While oxygen guidelines have reduced ROP, it remains prevalent due to increased survival of vulnerable infants.
- Retinal photocoagulation is a standard treatment, with intraocular bevacizumab injections gaining traction as monotherapy or adjunct therapy.
Conclusions:
- Prematurity and low birth weight are primary drivers of ROP, necessitating continued vigilance.
- ROP remains a significant challenge in neonatal care, despite advances in management.
- Current and novel treatment modalities, including bevacizumab, offer therapeutic options for threshold ROP.
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