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Updated: Apr 29, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
Published on: December 4, 2017
Nonequilibrium solutions of the Boltzmann equation under the action of an external force
D Guéry-Odelin1, J G Muga2, M J Ruiz-Montero3
1Laboratoire de Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, CNRS UMR 5589, IRSAMC, Université de Toulouse (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France.
Abstract:
We construct a novel class of exact solutions to the Boltzmann equation, in both its classical and quantum formulation, for arbitrary collision laws. When the system is subjected to a specific external forcing, the precise form of which is worked out, nonequilibrium dampingless solutions are admissible. They do not contradict the H theorem, but are constructed from its requirements. Interestingly, these solutions hold for time-dependent confinement. We exploit them, in a reverse-engineering perspective, to work out a protocol that shortcuts any adiabatic transformation between two equilibrium states in an arbitrarily short time span, for an interacting system. Particle simulations of the direct Monte Carlo type fully corroborate the analytical predictions.
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