Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

1.9K
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
1.9K
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

43.0K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
43.0K
Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

70.0K
Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
70.0K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

6.2K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.2K
Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

1.2K
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
1.2K
Huntington Disease l: Introduction01:21

Huntington Disease l: Introduction

91
Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show...
91

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Apraxia of lid opening in multiple sclerosis.

Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie·2022
Same author

Sphenoid Sinusitis-Associated Optic Neuropathy: A Forgotten Disease.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society·2022
Same author

Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Following Recurrent COVID-19 in Prior Bilateral Sequential Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society·2022
Same author

Optic nerve sheath diameter and spaceflight: defining shortcomings and future directions.

NPJ microgravity·2022
Same author

Progressive Optic Neuropathy in Cerebellar Ataxia, Areflexia, Optic Atrophy, and Sensorineural Hearing Loss Syndrome: The Importance of Targeted Gene Testing.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society·2022
Same author

Visual Loss as the Presenting Manifestation of Leptomeningeal Spread of Glioblastoma Multiforme to the Optic Chiasm.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society·2022
Same journal

Efficacy and safety of different intraocular therapies for non-infectious uveitis: A network meta-analysis.

Survey of ophthalmology·2026
Same journal

Macular telangiectasia masqueraders.

Survey of ophthalmology·2026
Same journal

Utilization of anterior segment optical coherence tomography in childhood glaucoma: A systematic review.

Survey of ophthalmology·2026
Same journal

Peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome: Clinical and imaging features, diagnostic differentiation and therapeutic strategies.

Survey of ophthalmology·2026
Same journal

Prognostic factors and postoperative outcomes in pediatric cataract patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Survey of ophthalmology·2026
Same journal

Predicting the progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy: Pathophysiology, imaging phenotypes, and determinants of disease persistence despite therapy.

Survey of ophthalmology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners
14:28

Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners

Published on: June 30, 2013

11.9K

HIV and cannot see.

Claudia M Prospero Ponce1, Nagham Al Zubidi2, Hilary A Beaver3

  • 1Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Ocular Pathology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|May 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A case study of an HIV-positive man with sudden vision loss and altered mental status reveals diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Despite treatment, the patient experienced rapid deterioration and expired.

Keywords:
CNS lymphomaHAARTHIVopportunistic infectionspanophthalmitisuveitis

More Related Videos

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
09:54

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

Published on: December 3, 2019

9.4K
Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
06:07

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

Published on: October 6, 2022

2.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners
14:28

Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners

Published on: June 30, 2013

11.9K
Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
09:54

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

Published on: December 3, 2019

9.4K
Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
06:07

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

Published on: October 6, 2022

2.2K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The case involves a 55-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive male presenting with acute visual impairment and neurological changes.
  • The patient exhibited symptoms including unilateral vision loss, conjunctival chemosis, and characteristic keratitic precipitates.

Observation:

  • Ophthalmic examination revealed severely reduced vision in the right eye (OD) with a relative afferent pupillary defect.
  • Brain and orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated choroidal thickening, enhancing brain lesions, and a suprasellar mass.

Findings:

  • Brain biopsy confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as the underlying diagnosis.
  • The patient's condition worsened despite intrathecal chemotherapy and whole brain radiation therapy.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the aggressive presentation of DLBCL in an HIV-positive individual, affecting both ocular and neurological systems.
  • The poor prognosis underscores the challenges in managing CNS lymphoma in immunocompromised patients and the importance of early diagnosis.