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Overview of Cell Death01:30

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Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
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Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
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Cytotoxic Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro
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Programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in osteosarcoma.

Jacson K Shen1, Gregory M Cote2, Edwin Choy2

  • 1Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.

Cancer Immunology Research
|May 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1) is expressed in osteosarcoma and correlates with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This finding suggests PDL1 may be a target for novel osteosarcoma immunotherapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1) inhibits T-cell responses.
  • PDL1's role in sarcomas, particularly osteosarcoma, is largely unknown.
  • Understanding PDL1 expression is crucial for developing immunotherapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify PDL1 mRNA expression in osteosarcoma.
  • To investigate the correlation between PDL1 expression and clinical features.
  • To determine the relationship between PDL1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs).

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) optimized for PDL1 detection.
  • Validation of qRT-PCR using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
  • Analysis of PDL1 mRNA in 38 human osteosarcoma samples and correlation with clinical data and TILs.

Main Results:

  • PDL1 mRNA expression was confirmed in osteosarcoma cell lines.
  • PDL1 mRNA expression varied significantly across patient samples (>5,000-fold difference).
  • High PDL1 expression was significantly associated with the presence of TILs (R² = 0.37; P = 0.01).

Conclusions:

  • An RNA-based assay for PDL1 expression was successfully developed.
  • PDL1 is expressed in a subset of osteosarcoma and correlates positively with TILs.
  • PDL1 targeting may represent a novel immunotherapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma.