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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control
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Domain-specific control of selective attention.

Szu-Hung Lin1, Yei-Yu Yeh1

  • 1Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan.

Plos One
|May 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Working memory load impacts selective attention only when tasks share the same domain. This suggests attentional control requires domain-specific resources, not general ones, for prioritizing information effectively.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Working memory load is known to influence selective attention.
  • The debate continues on whether this effect is domain-general or domain-specific.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To resolve the controversy regarding domain-general versus domain-specific effects of working memory load on selective attention.
  • To investigate how manipulating memory content and attentional demands affects processing.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted manipulating the domain of information maintained in working memory (digits, objects) and the domain of stimuli in a selective attention task (letters, objects).
  • Tasks included maintaining digits/objects in working memory while performing letter/object flanker tasks.
  • Auditory digit presentation was used to control for input modality.

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Main Results:

  • Memory load significantly modulated distractibility only when working memory and selective attention tasks involved stimuli from the same domain.
  • Higher memory load increased distractor interference, indicating reduced prioritization efficacy.
  • When task domains differed, memory load did not affect distractibility.

Conclusions:

  • Selective attention control relies on domain-specific resources.
  • Working memory load's impact on selective attention is constrained by representational domain, supporting domain-specific attentional control mechanisms.