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Technical aspects of cardiac catheterization of swine
A C Smith1, F G Spinale, B A Carabello
1Department of Comparative Medicine, Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Insights
This study presents two reliable cardiac catheterization methods for swine cardiovascular research. These techniques facilitate complete hemodynamic data acquisition, overcoming challenges in long-term studies.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Animal Models
- Surgical Techniques
Background:
- Long-term cardiovascular studies in swine necessitate repeated cardiac catheterizations, presenting significant technical challenges.
- Acquiring comprehensive hemodynamic data in swine models is crucial for advancing cardiovascular research.
- Vascular access for catheterization in swine often requires invasive procedures like vascular cut-downs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe two dependable cardiac catheterization methods for swine.
- To enable the acquisition of complete hemodynamic data in long-term swine cardiovascular studies.
- To address the technical difficulties associated with repeated catheterizations in swine models.
Main Methods:
- Introduction of hemodynamic, angiographic, and interventional catheters via femoral vessels or the external jugular vein and internal carotid artery.
- Utilizing vascular cut-downs for vessel access due to anatomical depth.
- An alternative chronic technique involving the implantation of silastic catheters into both atria for direct heart chamber access.
Main Results:
- The described methods provide reliable means for acquiring complete hemodynamic data in swine.
- The implanted silastic catheter technique offers an alternative to repeated vascular cut-downs, reducing surgical invasiveness.
- Successful catheterization allows for detailed cardiovascular assessment in chronic swine models.
Conclusions:
- Two effective cardiac catheterization techniques are presented for swine, enhancing long-term cardiovascular study feasibility.
- The implanted catheter method minimizes the need for repeated surgeries and associated complications.
- These methods are vital for obtaining accurate hemodynamic data in preclinical cardiovascular research using swine.
Abstract:
Long-term cardiovascular studies requiring repeated cardiac catheterizations often pose technical problems for investigator using swine. The purpose of this paper is to describe two reliable methods of cardiac catheterization that are used in swine to acquire complete hemodynamic data. Due to the depth of the vessels, vascular cut-downs are usually required. Hemodynamic, angiographic, and interventional cardiac catheters are introduced into either the femoral vessels or the external jugular vein and internal carotid artery. An alternative technique that obviates the need for multiple surgeries involves implantation of silastic catheters into both atria. This allows the passage of catheters directly into the heart chambers. A disadvantage of repeated vascular cut-downs is that a reduction of vascular access occurs. Chronic lines require careful attention to prevent infection and maintain patency.