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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Forearm Flexors
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Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Vascularized Composite Hand Allograft Procurement and Preparation for Distal and Proximal Forearm Allotransplantation: A Stepwise Approach
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Elbow dislocation with complete triceps avulsion.

S V Karuppiah1, D Knox2

  • 1Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen Medical Centre, West Block, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.

Case Reports in Orthopedics
|May 31, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study describes a rare elbow injury involving radio-ulnar dislocation, radial head fracture, and medial collateral ligament damage with triceps avulsion. Early ligament repair is crucial for successful outcomes in this severe trauma.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Trauma Management
  • Elbow Biomechanics

Background:

  • Radio-ulnar fracture-dislocation of the elbow is a severe injury.
  • High-energy trauma often involves significant ligamentous damage in adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report an unusual triad of elbow injury.
  • To describe a variant of the "terrible triad" injury pattern.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient with a specific elbow injury.
  • Clinical assessment and surgical intervention for ligamentous repair.

Main Results:

  • An unusual injury pattern was identified: radio-ulnar joint dislocation, radial head fracture, and medial collateral ligament injury with triceps avulsion.
  • This represents a variant of the "terrible triad".

Conclusions:

  • Early stabilization and ligament repair are essential for successful outcomes.
  • This specific injury pattern requires prompt surgical management.