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Predicting dyscontrolled drinking with implicit and explicit measures of alcohol attitude.
Brian D Ostafin1, Kyle T Kassman2, Peter J de Jong1
1Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, 9716 KC Groningen, The Netherlands.
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
|June 2, 2014
Summary
Implicit measures of alcohol attitudes can predict alcohol dyscontrol, even when controlling for explicit attitudes and typical drinking behavior. This suggests automatic associations are key to understanding and predicting problematic drinking patterns.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Neuroscience
- Addiction Science
Background:
- Alcohol addiction is characterized by dyscontrolled drinking, where individuals drink despite intentions to stop.
- Implicit measures assess automatic processes and may predict nonvolitional behaviors like alcohol dyscontrol.
- Previous research has limited data on the predictive validity of implicit measures for alcohol dyscontrol.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if implicit alcohol attitudes predict alcohol dyscontrol beyond typical drinking behavior and explicit attitudes.
- To assess the predictive power of automatic alcohol associations on problematic drinking.
Main Methods:
- 62 undergraduate students participated in the study.
- Implicit and explicit measures of alcohol-positive associations were administered.
- Retrospective self-report measures of typical drinking behavior and control difficulty were collected.
Main Results:
- Both implicit and explicit measures of alcohol attitudes predicted alcohol dyscontrol.
- The implicit measure remained a significant predictor even after accounting for explicit measures and typical drinking behavior.
Conclusions:
- Assessing automaticity of alcohol-positive associations is valuable for predicting clinically relevant outcomes.
- Findings suggest implicit measures may aid in predicting post-treatment success in alcohol addiction.
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