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Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Laboratory Production of Biofuels and Biochemicals from a Rapeseed Oil through Catalytic Cracking Conversion
Published on: September 2, 2016
Catalytic upgrading of duckweed biocrude in subcritical water
Caicai Zhang1, Peigao Duan1, Yuping Xu1
1College of Physics and Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, No. 2001, Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, PR China; Opening Laboratory of Alternative Energy Technologies, Henan Polytechnic University, No. 2001, Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, PR China.
Abstract:
Herein, a duckweed biocrude produced from the hydrothermal liquefaction of Lemna minor was treated in subcritical water with added H₂. Effects of several different commercially available materials such as Ru/C, Pd/C, Pt/C, Pt/γ-Al₂O₃, Pt/C-sulfide, Rh/γ-Al₂O₃, activated carbon, MoS₂, Mo₂C, Co-Mo/γ-Al₂O₃, and zeolite on the yields of product fractions and the deoxygenation, denitrogenation, and desulfurization of biocrude at 350°C were examined, respectively. All the materials showed catalytic activity for deoxygenation and desulfurization of the biocrude and only Ru/C showed activity for denitrogenation. Of those catalysts examined, Pt/C showed the best performance for deoxygenation. Among all the upgraded oils, the oil produced with Ru/C shows the lowest sulfur, the highest hydrocarbon content (25.6%), the highest energy recovery (85.5%), and the highest higher heating value (42.6 MJ/kg). The gaseous products were mainly unreacted H₂, CH₄, CO₂, and C₂H6.
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