Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

1.0K
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
1.0K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

960
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
960
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

404
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
404
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

1.1K
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
1.1K
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

2.6K
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
2.6K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

409
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
409

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Single-Center Descriptive Analysis of Interventions for Hypotension in Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Paediatric anaesthesia·2025
Same author

Cardiac index as a surrogate marker for anxiety in pediatric patients undergoing ambulatory endoscopy: a prospective cohort study.

Physiological measurement·2024
Same author

Effectiveness of a waste volatile anaesthetic gas collection and recycling system.

British journal of anaesthesia·2024
Same author

In reply: Comment on: Association of glucagon-like peptide receptor 1 agonist therapy with the presence of gastric contents in fasting patients undergoing endoscopy under anesthesia care: a historical cohort study.

Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie·2024
Same author

GLP-1 receptor agonist tachyphylaxis and perioperative recommendations.

British journal of anaesthesia·2024
Same author

Association of glucagon-like peptide receptor 1 agonist therapy with the presence of gastric contents in fasting patients undergoing endoscopy under anesthesia care: a historical cohort study.

Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie·2024
Same journal

Outpatient Anesthesia in 2026: Scaling Care, Advancing Safety, Shaping the Future.

Anesthesiology clinics·2026
Same journal

Ambulatory Anesthesia: How Far Can We Go?

Anesthesiology clinics·2026
Same journal

Perioperative Management of Patients on Medication for Opioid Use Disorder Undergoing Ambulatory Surgery: Clinical Considerations for Anesthesiologists.

Anesthesiology clinics·2026
Same journal

Applying the 2024 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines for Cardiac Evaluation and Managment of Patients Having Noncardiac Surgeries in an Ambulatory Setting.

Anesthesiology clinics·2026
Same journal

Comprehensive Review of Office-Based Anesthesia Safety 2026 for the Next Generation.

Anesthesiology clinics·2026
Same journal

A Contemporary Review on Health Care Disparities in Pediatric Ambulatory Anesthesia.

Anesthesiology clinics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery
09:47

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery

Published on: June 2, 2022

2.3K

Pediatric ambulatory anesthesia.

David A August1, Lucinda L Everett2

  • 1Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, GRB-444, Boston, MA 02114, USA.

Anesthesiology Clinics
|June 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This article addresses common pediatric anesthesia preoperative dilemmas, including managing upper respiratory infections, pregnancy testing, apnea monitoring, and anxiety reduction. It also covers anesthetic risks, remifentanil use, acetaminophen dosing, and pain blocks for circumcision.

Keywords:
AcetaminophenAnxiolysisApneaCircumcisionPregnancy testingRemifentanilUndiagnosed hypotoniaUpper respiratory infection

More Related Videos

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
11:19

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation

Published on: January 17, 2011

17.6K
Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow
05:43

Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow

Published on: January 13, 2017

15.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery
09:47

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery

Published on: June 2, 2022

2.3K
Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
11:19

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation

Published on: January 17, 2011

17.6K
Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow
05:43

Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow

Published on: January 13, 2017

15.3K

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Ambulatory Surgery

Background:

  • Pediatric patients frequently require anesthesia for same-day surgical procedures.
  • Several preoperative decisions present challenges for anesthesiologists caring for children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss common preoperative dilemmas in pediatric anesthesia.
  • To provide guidance on managing specific clinical scenarios and medication use in pediatric surgical patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and expert discussion of common preoperative issues.
  • Analysis of anesthetic risks, pharmacological interventions, and pain management techniques.

Main Results:

  • Key considerations include managing upper respiratory infections, pregnancy testing in adolescents, and indications for postoperative apnea monitoring.
  • Effective nonpharmacological anxiety reduction techniques are discussed.
  • Risks of anesthetic agents in children with undiagnosed neuromuscular weakness are highlighted.
  • Guidance on remifentanil for intubation, rectal acetaminophen dosing, and comparing caudal vs. dorsal penile nerve blocks for post-circumcision pain is provided.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing preoperative assessment and management is crucial for safe pediatric ambulatory anesthesia.
  • Evidence-based approaches to common dilemmas improve patient outcomes and reduce complications.