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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

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An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
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Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

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Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
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Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

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A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
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Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and...
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Related Experiment Video

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Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
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Remote thalamic microstructural abnormalities related to cognitive function in ischemic stroke patients.

Marina Fernández-Andújar1, Fleur Doornink2, Rosalía Dacosta-Aguayo1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona.

Neuropsychology
|June 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ischemic stroke causes remote thalamic microstructural changes, impacting cognitive function. These diffusion abnormalities in the thalamus are linked to reduced verbal fluency three months after the event.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke can result in a spectrum of cognitive impairments, from mild vascular cognitive impairment to vascular dementia.
  • Cognitive deficits following stroke are often associated with disruptions in cortico-subcortical circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate remote microstructural abnormalities in the thalamus after ischemic stroke.
  • To determine the association between these thalamic abnormalities and cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to examine 17 ischemic stroke patients and 17 matched controls.
  • Voxel-wise analysis identified differences in thalamic fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) between groups.
  • Thalamic diffusion metrics were correlated with neuropsychological test results at 3 months post-stroke.

Main Results:

  • Stroke patients exhibited reduced FA and increased MD in specific thalamic regions compared to controls.
  • Lower FA in the thalamus correlated with poorer verbal fluency in stroke patients.
  • Higher MD in the thalamus was also associated with reduced verbal fluency in stroke patients.

Conclusions:

  • Ischemic stroke is associated with remote thalamic diffusion abnormalities.
  • These thalamic microstructural changes contribute to cognitive dysfunction, specifically reduced verbal fluency, three months after stroke.