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Novel NFKB2 mutation in early-onset CVID.
Yiwen Liu1, Steven Hanson, Padmalal Gurugama
1King's College London, King's Health Partners, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, School of Medicine, Division of Asthma, Allergy & Lung Biology, Department of Immunological Medicine, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 9RS, UK.
A novel NFKB2 gene mutation causes a truncated protein, leading to reduced B cells and T follicular helper cells in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) patients. This discovery advances understanding of CVID pathology.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous disorder with largely unknown genetic causes.
- Understanding the genetic basis of CVID is crucial for diagnosing and treating affected individuals.
Observation:
- Whole exome sequencing identified an 8bp deletion in the NFKB2 gene in two CVID patients from a Greek Cypriot family.
- This mutation resulted in a frameshift, creating a truncated NFKB2/p100 protein (p100Δ19) lacking 19 amino acids.
Findings:
- The truncated NFKB2/p100 protein was unphosphorylated and failed to undergo normal processing and nuclear translocation.
- CVID patients with this mutation exhibited reduced B cells, switched memory B cells, and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells.
Implications:
- The non-canonical NFκB pathway is vital for B cell differentiation and Tfh cell development.
- This finding offers new insights into CVID pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
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