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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Vegetarian diets and bone status.

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  • 1From the Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Lowell, MA.

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|June 6, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vegetarian diets may increase osteoporosis risk due to lower bone-healthy nutrients. Careful food choices or supplements can help vegetarians maintain bone health and reduce fracture risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Bone Health Research

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is a chronic condition causing bone density loss and fracture risk.
  • Vegetarian diets may lack key bone nutrients like calcium, vitamin D, and protein.
  • Zinc bioavailability is lower in vegetarian diets, requiring higher intake.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of vegetarian diets on bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk.
  • To identify potential nutrient shortfalls and protective factors in vegetarian diets concerning bone health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review assessing nutrient content of vegetarian diets.
  • Analysis of studies on bone health outcomes in vegetarian populations.
  • Comparison of nutrient bioavailability and protective compounds.

Main Results:

  • Vegetarian diets can be lower in calcium, vitamin D, vitamin B-12, protein, and omega-3 fatty acids.
  • Lower zinc bioavailability necessitates increased intake for vegetarians.
  • Diets rich in magnesium, potassium, vitamin K, and antioxidants may offer bone protection.

Conclusions:

  • Vegetarians, especially vegans, may face a higher risk of reduced BMD and fractures.
  • Adequate intake of critical nutrients through diet or supplements is essential for bone health in vegetarians.
  • Strategic nutritional planning can mitigate fracture risk for individuals on vegetarian diets.