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Identification of optimal structural connectivity using functional connectivity and neural modeling.

Gustavo Deco1, Anthony R McIntosh2, Kelly Shen3

  • 1Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08018, Spain, Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, 08010, Spain.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|June 6, 2014
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Summary

Optimizing brain network models by refining structural connectivity (SC) improves functional connectivity (FC) fitting. This suggests critical brain dynamics link structure, function, behavior, and cognition.

Keywords:
anatomyfMRIfunctional connectivitymodeling

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Network Science

Background:

  • Mental functions arise from complex brain network dynamics between structural and functional architectures.
  • Theoretical models suggest maximal structure-function relationships occur at critical points of network state transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize the fitting of structural connectivity (SC) to functional connectivity (FC) data using a dynamic mean-field neural model.
  • To investigate the impact of anatomical link modifications on the SC-FC relationship.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a dynamic mean-field neural model to fit empirical SC and FC data from humans and macaques.
  • Developed and utilized a novel iterative-fitting algorithm to optimize the SC matrix based on the FC matrix.
  • Assessed the effect of adding new anatomical links and reweighting existing connections.

Main Results:

  • Achieved significant improvement in fitting SC and FC matrices.
  • Demonstrated that adding a small number of anatomical links, especially cross-hemispheric connections, and reweighting existing ones dramatically enhanced the fit.
  • Validated findings in both human and macaque brain data.

Conclusions:

  • The brain's optimal functioning may occur at a critical working point where structure-function interplay is maximized.
  • This critical point concept offers a novel framework for linking behavior and cognition to neural dynamics.
  • Provides a new perspective for understanding functional recovery in clinical conditions.