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Carotid artery intima-media thickness in pediatric type 1 diabetic patients

Ozlem Bayır1, Hüseyin Anıl Korkmaz, Ceyhun Dizdarer

  • 1Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dr. Behçet Uz Children Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital; İzmir-Turkey. drkorkmazanil@hotmail.com.

Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi : AKD = the Anatolian Journal of Cardiology
|June 6, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes exhibit increased carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid stiffness. This suggests early vascular changes in children with type 1 diabetes, highlighting the need for monitoring cardiovascular health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular health in pediatric endocrinology
  • Vascular changes in diabetes mellitus
  • Pediatric diagnostic imaging

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic condition affecting children, with potential long-term cardiovascular implications.
  • Early detection of vascular abnormalities is crucial for managing T1D complications.
  • Carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare cIMT in pediatric patients with T1D against age-, sex-, and anthropometrically-matched healthy controls.
  • To assess potential early vascular changes in children diagnosed with T1D.

Main Methods:

  • An observational, cross-sectional, controlled study involving 50 T1D patients and 45 controls.
  • Carotid Doppler and real-time ultrasound were used to measure cIMT, flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and carotid stiffness index.
  • Statistical analysis included Student's t-tests, chi-square, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, and Pearson's correlation.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed in age, sex, height, weight, BMI, or waist circumference between groups.
  • Diabetic patients showed significantly higher cIMT (0.49 ± 0.05 mm) compared to controls (0.44 ± 0.03 mm; p<0.001).
  • A higher carotid stiffness index was also found in the T1D group (3.11 ± 0.46) versus controls (2.6 ± 0.29; p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Type 1 diabetes is associated with increased cIMT in children.
  • Pediatric T1D patients demonstrate elevated carotid stiffness.
  • These findings indicate early vascular alterations in children with T1D, underscoring the importance of cardiovascular risk assessment.
Abstract

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