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Insulin-loaded alginic acid nanoparticles for sublingual delivery
Nilam H Patil1, Padma V Devarajan1
1a Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Institute of Chemical Technology , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India.
Drug Delivery
|June 6, 2014
Summary
Alginic acid nanoparticles effectively deliver insulin sublingually. This novel system enhances insulin absorption and stability, offering a promising alternative to injections for diabetes management.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Pharmaceutics
- Biomaterials
Background:
- Sublingual insulin delivery faces challenges due to proteolytic enzymes and low bioavailability.
- Alginic acid nanoparticles (NPs) offer potential for enhanced drug delivery.
- Nicotinamide can act as a permeation enhancer for improved drug absorption.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop alginic acid nanoparticles for sublingual insulin delivery.
- To evaluate the stability and permeability enhancement of insulin-loaded NPs.
- To assess the pharmacological and absolute bioavailability of sublingually delivered insulin.
Main Methods:
- Insulin-loaded alginic acid NPs were prepared using nanoprecipitation.
- NP characterization included size, charge, FTIR, DSC, CD, and HPLC.
- Pharmacological and absolute bioavailability were determined in a diabetic rat model.
Main Results:
- Alginic acid NPs were ~200 nm, negatively charged, with >95% insulin loading capacity.
- FTIR, DSC, CD, and HPLC confirmed insulin association and stability within NPs.
- Sublingual delivery of NPs with nicotinamide showed high pharmacological (>100%) and bioavailability (>80%) in rats.
Conclusions:
- Alginic acid nanoparticles with nicotinamide are a stable and effective system for sublingual insulin delivery.
- This formulation demonstrates superior pharmacological availability and bioavailability compared to subcutaneous injection.
- Insulin-loaded alginic acid NPs represent a promising strategy for non-invasive insulin therapy.
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