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Increased pulse wave velocity and relationship with inflammation, insulin, and insulin resistance in inflammatory
Huseyin Korkmaz1, Fatih Sahin, Suleyman H Ipekci
1aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology bDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya cDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.
Insights
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is linked to arterial stiffness, indicated by increased pulse wave velocity (PWV). This occurs independently of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting inflammation plays a key role.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, involves chronic gastrointestinal inflammation.
- Emerging evidence highlights inflammation's role in the development of arterial stiffness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the relationship between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and biochemical markers in IBD patients.
- To compare these markers in active and inactive IBD patients without cardiovascular risk factors against a control group.
Main Methods:
- 102 IBD patients and 74 controls were studied during active and inactive disease phases.
- Vascular measurements were performed using a Mobil-O-Graph 24-h pulse wave analysis monitor.
- Laboratory parameters including inflammatory markers and insulin resistance indices were assessed.
Main Results:
- IBD patients had lower cholesterol but higher PWV, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, HOMA-IR, and homocysteine than controls.
- PWV showed a positive correlation with age and IBD duration.
- These differences were observed in both active and inactive IBD states.
Conclusions:
- Patients with active and inactive IBD exhibit elevated PWV, homocysteine, ESR, CRP, insulin, and HOMA-IR.
- Inflammation and related factors contribute to arterial stiffening in IBD, independent of conventional cardiovascular risks.
Objective:
Both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is characterized by chronic, progressive inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies have shed new light on the importance of inflammation in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness.
Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement and biochemical parameters in inactive and active IBD patients without cardiovascular risk factors and perform a comparison with the control group.
Materials And Methods:
We enrolled 102 IBD patients without cardiovascular risk factors and 74 matched controls, and evaluated each patient in active and inactive disease periods. All patients completed a standard questionnaire form and we assessed various laboratory parameters. We carried out vascular measurements using a Mobil-O-Graph 24-h pulse wave analysis monitor, an automatic oscillometric device.
Results:
Although cardiovascular risk factors, such as total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, were significantly lower (P<0.05) in IBD patients than the controls, 24 h, day and night PWV values, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and homocysteine were higher in patients with active and inactive IBD than the controls (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that PWV was correlated positively with age and duration of IBD.
Conclusion:
This study showed increased PWV, homocysteine, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in patients with active and inactive IBD and provides evidence of the potential contribution of inflammation and inflammation-related factors toward arterial stiffening independent from conventional cardiovascular risk factors.
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