Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

6.2K
The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the...
6.2K
Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

4.7K
Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
4.7K
Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

3.2K
Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
3.2K
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

2.7K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
2.7K
Cell-surface Signaling01:21

Cell-surface Signaling

92.7K
Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across the cell membrane. In order to be able to affect a cell without entering it, these hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane. When a first messenger, a hormone, binds to a receptor, a signal cascade is set off, causing second messengers, proteins inside the cell, to become activated, resulting in downstream effects.
92.7K
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

3.3K
Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
3.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Golden age of Czechoslovak immunology and what followed - a personal view.

Folia microbiologica·2026
Same author

Three cryo-EM structures of complement C3d-bound α<sub>M</sub>β<sub>2</sub> reveal an unexpected layer of dynamics for αI-containing integrin receptors.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Novel immunotargets in multiple myeloma: biological relevance and therapeutic potential.

Biomarker research·2025
Same author

BRCA1 and BRCA2 as prognostic markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a minireview.

Frontiers in oncology·2025
Same author

Deubiquitinase BAP1 is crucial for surface expression of T cell receptor (TCR) complex, T cell-B cell conjugate formation, and T cell activation.

Journal of leukocyte biology·2024
Same author

Novel class of peptides disintegrating biological membranes to aid in the characterization of membrane proteins.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins
16:10

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins

Published on: March 22, 2012

25.3K

Membrane microdomains in immunoreceptor signaling.

Vaclav Horejsi1, Matous Hrdinka1

  • 1Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.

FEBS Letters
|June 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Lipid rafts, crucial for T-cell receptor signaling, are confirmed to exist and play roles in cell biology. Recent advances clarify their function and reveal other similar membrane nanodomains involved in biological processes.

Keywords:
Immunoreceptor signalingLeukocyteLipid raft

More Related Videos

An Endothelial Planar Cell Model for Imaging Immunological Synapse Dynamics
09:25

An Endothelial Planar Cell Model for Imaging Immunological Synapse Dynamics

Published on: December 24, 2015

8.5K
Transmembrane Domain Oligomerization Propensity determined by ToxR Assay
06:45

Transmembrane Domain Oligomerization Propensity determined by ToxR Assay

Published on: May 26, 2011

14.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins
16:10

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins

Published on: March 22, 2012

25.3K
An Endothelial Planar Cell Model for Imaging Immunological Synapse Dynamics
09:25

An Endothelial Planar Cell Model for Imaging Immunological Synapse Dynamics

Published on: December 24, 2015

8.5K
Transmembrane Domain Oligomerization Propensity determined by ToxR Assay
06:45

Transmembrane Domain Oligomerization Propensity determined by ToxR Assay

Published on: May 26, 2011

14.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Membrane microdomains, or lipid rafts, have been studied for over 25 years for their role in T-cell receptor (TCR) and immunoreceptor signaling.
  • Research has faced challenges due to doubts about the existence and nature of lipid rafts, stemming from methodological issues like detergent artifacts.
  • Recent biophysical and functional studies have addressed these controversies, providing clearer insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the controversial aspects surrounding the existence and function of membrane microdomains, specifically lipid rafts.
  • To highlight the established role of lipid rafts in immunoreceptor signaling and broader cell biology.
  • To introduce the concept of other raft-like nanodomains and their potential biological significance.

Main Methods:

  • Application of advanced biophysical approaches to study membrane structures.
  • Functional studies focusing on proteins residing within lipid rafts.
  • Analysis of potential artifacts, such as detergent effects, in membrane studies.

Main Results:

  • Confirmation of the involvement of membrane microdomains (lipid rafts) in T-cell receptor and immunoreceptor signaling.
  • Resolution of many controversial issues regarding the nature and existence of lipid rafts.
  • Identification and description of other types of raft-like microdomains, termed nanodomains, with apparent biological roles.

Conclusions:

  • The prevailing view supports the involvement of lipid rafts in diverse aspects of cell biology, including immunoreceptor signaling.
  • Methodological challenges have been largely overcome, validating the existence and importance of lipid rafts.
  • The discovery of novel nanodomains suggests a broader landscape of membrane microdomains influencing cellular functions.