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Isolation of Primary Human Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells and Their Use in Creating a Microphysiological Model of the Renal Proximal Tubule
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Bovine and equine peritubular and intertubular dentin
S R Stock1, A C Deymier-Black2, A Veis2
1Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611-3008, USA.
Acta Biomaterialia
|June 10, 2014
Summary
This study reveals that peritubular dentin (PTD) has higher carbonated apatite and zinc content than intertubular dentin (ITD). Dentin
Area of Science:
- Biomineralization
- Materials Science
- Biophysics
Background:
- Dentin's structure, including peritubular dentin (PTD) and intertubular dentin (ITD), is crucial for tooth mechanics.
- Previous understanding of PTD and ITD composition and microstructure differences is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the microstructural and compositional differences between PTD and ITD.
- To elucidate the distribution and form of carbonated apatite and zinc within dentin tubules.
Main Methods:
- Utilized synchrotron X-ray fluorescence and diffraction on bovine and equine dentin specimens.
- Employed a focused X-ray beam to map elemental composition and crystallographic texture around dentin tubules.
Main Results:
- Confirmed higher carbonated apatite volume fraction in PTD (∼0.8) compared to ITD (∼0.65).
- Observed a significant zinc peak in PTD (∼0.9 mg/g) versus ITD (∼0.4 mg/g).
- Found consistent carbonated apatite structure and axisymmetric preferred orientation throughout PTD and ITD.
Conclusions:
- PTD is compositionally distinct from ITD, with higher carbonated apatite and zinc concentrations.
- The structural integrity of carbonated apatite is uniform across PTD and ITD.
- Synchrotron X-ray techniques provide detailed insights into dentin's complex micro-architecture.
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