Distribution of antigen-presenting cells CD68 in papillomavirus infection in the skin

We analyzed local reactions of immune homeostasis in the human skin, in particular, effector immune cells CD68 responsible for antigen presentation, during human papillomavirus infection. Under conditions of long-term papillomavirus infection, CD68 markers were identifi ed only in the connective tissue of the skin (derma) and were completely absent in the epidermis, where they were found during physiological and reparative regeneration after thermal injury. We concluded that hypertrophy of the epidermis and connective tissue of the dermal papillary layer in human papillomavirus infection is related to the absence of CD68 immune cells in the epithelial plate and their accumulation in the connective tissue adjacent to the basement membrane of the epidermis. The possibility of epithelium contamination with the virus depends on local immune homeostasis. Therefore, induction of proper CD68 distribution in appropriate structures can contribute to normalization of epithelial-connective tissue interactions.