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Pilot study employing heart rate variability biofeedback training to decrease anxiety in patients with eating

Barbara Scolnick1, David I Mostofsky1, Robert J Keane2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Boston University, 64 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Journal of Eating Disorders
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Heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback, a breathing technique, was safe and helpful for eating disorder patients. Some anorexia nervosa patients showed improved HRV coherence.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychophysiology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Behavioral Medicine

Background:

  • Eating disorders (EDs) like anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED) are complex mental health conditions.
  • Current treatments for EDs often involve psychotherapy and nutritional rehabilitation, with varying success rates.
  • Investigating novel therapeutic modalities for EDs is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and subjective usefulness of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) biofeedback in inpatients with eating disorders.
  • To explore potential physiological changes associated with HRV biofeedback in this population.
  • To identify any specific ED subgroups that might particularly benefit from HRV biofeedback.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-five inpatients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge eating disorder participated.
  • Participants received Heart Rate Variability (HRV) biofeedback, a technique promoting slow, meditative breathing.
  • Data collected included assessment of side effects and subjective usefulness, alongside HRV pattern analysis.

Main Results:

  • HRV biofeedback was found to have no serious adverse side effects among the participants.
  • Most patients reported the modality as subjectively useful in managing their condition.
  • A notable finding was an enhanced ability to generate highly coherent HRV patterns in patients with recent-onset anorexia nervosa.

Conclusions:

  • HRV biofeedback appears to be a safe and subjectively beneficial intervention for individuals with eating disorders.
  • The observed enhancement in HRV coherence in recent-onset anorexia nervosa warrants further investigation.
  • HRV biofeedback may represent a promising adjunctive therapy for specific eating disorder presentations.