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Eruptive xanthomas masquerading as molluscum contagiosum
Jennifer Sorrell1, Heather Salvaggio1, Abhimanyu Garg2
1Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois;
Pediatrics
|June 12, 2014
Summary
Eruptive xanthomas, skin lesions linked to high lipids, were misdiagnosed in a boy with autism. Early recognition led to treatment for severe hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes, resolving the skin condition.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Eruptive xanthomas are skin manifestations of severe hyperlipidemias, characterized by lipid-laden foam cells.
- They typically appear as small, yellow-orange papules, often indicating extreme hypertriglyceridemia.
- Accurate diagnosis is crucial for managing underlying metabolic derangements.
Observation:
- A 12-year-old boy with autism presented with widespread skin papules initially diagnosed as molluscum contagiosum.
- Dermatologic evaluation revealed the lesions to be eruptive xanthomas, prompting further investigation.
Findings:
- The patient exhibited massive hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglycerides 6853 mg/dL) and concurrent diabetes mellitus.
- The eruptive xanthomas resolved with medical intervention, including insulin, fenofibrate, and dietary changes.
Implications:
- Early recognition of eruptive xanthomas is crucial for diagnosing severe hypertriglyceridemia and associated metabolic conditions.
- Multifaceted treatment approaches, including pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications, are effective in managing eruptive xanthomas and normalizing lipid profiles.
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