Exposure controls for nanomaterials at three manufacturing sites

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health and Safety
• Nanotechnology
• Industrial Hygiene

Background:

• Nanomaterials exhibit higher biological activity than bulk materials, necessitating exposure controls.
• Worker exposure to engineered nanoparticles is a growing concern in various industries.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of different control measures for reducing worker exposure to nanomaterials.
• To provide data on the performance of specific engineering controls in field settings.

Main Methods:

• Field studies conducted at three industrial sites.
• Measurement of aerosol mass and number concentrations using photometers and particle sizers.
• Evaluation of control measures including process changes, ventilated enclosures, and closed reactors.

Main Results:

• A 30-minute wait time eliminated dust exposure during product harvesting at Site A.
• Process ventilation reduced dust exposure during tank cleaning from 0.7 to 0.2 mg/m³.
• A ventilated enclosure maintained exposures below background levels during nanomaterial manipulation at Site B.

Conclusions:

• Engineering controls such as process modifications, ventilated enclosures, and closed systems are effective in minimizing worker exposure to nanomaterials.
• Proper design and evaluation of control technologies are crucial for comprehensive health and safety programs.
• Continued research and adoption of effective control strategies are essential for managing nanoparticle risks.