Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

62.4K
Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
62.4K
Leveling Effect01:29

Leveling Effect

1.6K
In acid-base chemistry, the leveling effect refers to the limitation imposed by the solvent on the strength of acids and bases in solution. When a base stronger than the solvent's conjugate base is used, it deprotonates the solvent until the base is entirely consumed, making it ineffective against weaker acids. Conversely, an acid stronger than the solvent's conjugate acid protonates the solvent until the acid is depleted, rendering it ineffective against weaker bases. Essentially, the...
1.6K
Water: A Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base02:30

Water: A Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base

42.9K
The reaction between a Brønsted-Lowry acid and water is called acid ionization. For example, when hydrogen fluoride dissolves in water and ionizes, protons are transferred from hydrogen fluoride molecules to water molecules, yielding hydronium ions and fluoride ions:
42.9K
Intermolecular Forces in Solutions02:28

Intermolecular Forces in Solutions

30.5K
The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Such a solution is called an ideal solution. A mixture of ideal gases (or gases such as helium and argon,...
30.5K
Solvating Effects02:12

Solvating Effects

7.8K
An understanding of the solvating effect helps rationalize the relation between solvation and acidity of the compound. In addition, this also explains the relative stability of conjugate bases for compounds with different pKa values. This lesson details, in-depth, the principle of solvating effects. The strength of an acid and the stability of its corresponding conjugate base are determined using pKa values. This observed relationship is a consequence of solvation, which is the interaction...
7.8K
Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

14.3K
Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
14.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

How reactive is water at the nanoscale and how to control it?

Science advances·2026
Same author

Nuclear quantum effects amplify autoionization-driven superionic behaviour in nanoconfined monolayer water.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

When is nanoconfined water different from interfacial water?

Faraday discussions·2026
Same author

Mechanisms for the formation of active sites in single-atom alloys.

Nanoscale·2026
Same author

Nanoconfined superionic water is a molecular superionic.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Breaking the Air-Water Paradigm: Ion Behavior at Hydrophobic Solid-Water Interfaces.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics
10:52

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

Published on: April 12, 2019

14.1K

Solvent-Induced Proton Hopping at a Water-Oxide Interface.

Gabriele Tocci1, Angelos Michaelides1

  • 1Thomas Young Centre, London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, University College London , London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|June 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Proton transfer dynamics at water-ZnO interfaces accelerate significantly with increased water layers. This is driven by changes in interfacial water structure and hydrogen bonding fluctuations.

More Related Videos

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
10:28

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2018

8.4K
In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

16.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics
10:52

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

Published on: April 12, 2019

14.1K
Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
10:28

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2018

8.4K
In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

16.8K

Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Proton transfer at interfaces is crucial for many chemical and biological processes.
  • Understanding interfacial water structure is key to elucidating proton transfer mechanisms.
  • The water-ZnO interface is a well-studied model system for wet oxide interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between interfacial water structure and proton transfer dynamics.
  • To explore the role of hydrogen bonding in proton transfer at the water-ZnO interface.
  • To provide insights into the chemical reactivity of wet oxide surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations were employed.
  • The study focused on the water-ZnO(101̅0) interface.
  • Analysis involved examining interfacial water structure and hydrogen bond dynamics.

Main Results:

  • A dramatic increase in proton transfer rate was observed with increasing water layers (from monolayer to multilayer).
  • Specific hydrogen bond fluctuations at the interface were identified as key drivers of structural changes.
  • These structural changes directly correlate with altered proton transfer dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Interfacial water structure and dynamics significantly influence proton transfer rates at the water-ZnO interface.
  • Hydrogen bonding plays a critical role in mediating proton transfer at wet oxide surfaces.
  • Findings have implications for modeling complex wet oxide interfaces and understanding their chemical reactivity.