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Electronically resonant third-order sum frequency generation spectroscopy using a nanosecond white-light

Hiroki Segawa, Naoki Fukutake, Philippe Leproux

    Optics Express
    |June 13, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a new spectrometer for third-order sum frequency generation (TSFG) to analyze hemoproteins. This method reveals electronic states, offering potential for in vivo molecular imaging.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nonlinear Optics
    • Molecular Spectroscopy
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Third-order sum frequency generation (TSFG) is a third-order nonlinear optical process.
    • TSFG shares a generation mechanism analogous to third harmonic generation (THG).
    • Broadband multiplex TSFG spectra can be obtained using a white-light supercontinuum.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an electronically resonant TSFG spectrometer.
    • To apply the developed spectrometer for obtaining TSFG spectra of hemoproteins.
    • To demonstrate the potential of TSFG for imaging electronic states within biological systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of an electronically resonant third-order sum frequency generation (TSFG) spectrometer.
    • Utilizing a white-light supercontinuum for broadband spectral acquisition.

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  • Analysis of TSFG ratio spectra to identify resonant enhancements.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully obtained TSFG spectra of hemoproteins using the developed spectrometer.
    • Analyzed TSFG ratio spectra demonstrated clear resonant enhancement.
    • The observed enhancement is directly attributable to the electronic state of hemoproteins.

    Conclusions:

    • The electronically resonant TSFG spectrometer is effective for analyzing hemoprotein electronic states.
    • TSFG spectroscopy shows promise for non-invasive imaging of molecular electronic states.
    • This technique could enable imaging of molecules within living cells or tissues.